Title : We Didn't Know This About the Brain - And it Changes Everything
link : We Didn't Know This About the Brain - And it Changes Everything
We Didn't Know This About the Brain - And it Changes Everything
novel functions for immune molecules in neuronal development: implications for neurodevelopmental disorders helps clarify the history of this paradigm shift.
The scientific dogma said that the immune system can infiltrate a brain in acute or pathology trauma. The first observations of the function of the immune system in healthy brains, even emerged from observations of cognitive impairment in severe combined immunodeficient mice that were depleted peripheral T cells (but no specific blood-brain-barrier rape).
The activity of agents called cytokines, complement and complex that help identify invading pathogens such as MHC, the mere presence of these agents represents a new way of thinking about brain function.
Then there is the consideration that the patterns of change immune functioning in the course of neurodevelopmental with immune agents participate in the growth of learning and brain. Sprinkle with the overwhelming complexity of genetic individuality as demonstrated in this event.
"One of the defining characteristics of the MHC molecules and their receptors is its complexity Both are multiple genes and containing polygenic-polymorphic containing multiple variants of each gene. the MHC genes are known more polymorphic genes. "... And we ended up with more questions than we have answers.
Suffice it to say:
"The relationship between environmental factors, immune response and neurological dysfunction is not completely clear at present, but is receiving more attention and support .. . the large number of immune molecules that could be important for the development of the nervous system and the function is amazing.The complexity of this review serves to highlight how much remains to be discovered about the immune activity in the brain in relation to the rest of the body. that said, the notion of immune-brain crosstalk has become the foundation of modern theories of models cytokines of mental illness.
"Although much has been achieved over the last 10 years in our recognition that immune molecules play a critical role in the healthy brain, the vast majority of immune molecules have not yet been studied for their presence and function in the brain. For immune molecules that we know are important, almost nothing is known about their mechanisms of action. "
When the immunity of the brain goes wrong -. depression
One of the more predictable side effects of interferon therapy for hepatitis C is depression in fact, 45% of patients develop depression with the interferon therapy, which seems to be related to elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF.
cytokines also may be induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin produced by gram-negative bacteria which can be administered orally and is used in animal models to induce similar to depression syndromes.
Mice lacking IL1-B (a cytokine that mediates the inflammatory response), however, are protected against these LPS-mediated "depressive symptoms" (ie loss of interest in sugar water), suggesting that these inflammatory messengers can be a key part of the equation of depression.
Cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha are the messengers of anguish and all have been shown to be elevated in the context of depression, and in a linear and predictable relationship. These cytokines can cross the blood brain barrier and can also stimulate afferent neurons as the vagus nerve .
Once in the brain, hubs immune called microglia are activated when an enzyme called IDO (indoleamine February 3-dioxygenase) has been demonstrated to direct tryptophan away from the production of serotonin and melatonin and to the production of an NMDA agonist called quinolinic acid.
In the context of inflammation, however, cortisol, prolactin and sex hormones are often dysregulated; in this model, it is believed that depression to represent a high cortisol state which may result from elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines.
This may partly explain the effectiveness of exercise in the treatment of depression and yoga, and meditation in the downregulation of inflammation.
How can we modulate immunity?
The most powerful and controllable access point is the gut immune system. With 70% of housed in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the intestinal wall, the microbial ecosystem of the residents are responsible for influencing immune guardians as dendritic cells.
These microbes include mainly around 100 trillion bacteria outnumber human cells. 10: 1, archaea, parasites and viruses, including bacteriophages
These microbes transfer of genetic information between each other and with the human host, and also carry out a series of activities such as the production of fatty acids , neurotransmitters, B vitamins, digest gluten, and even detoxification of environmental chemicals.
While the microbiome is easily influenced by the diet, because it is maternal gift that keeps on giving - influenced by the intestinal flora of mother during pregnancy , the mode of birth, breastfeeding, and finally weaning diet .
What's wrong with this picture?
Given the large interconnection we just explored, perhaps breaking the blood-brain barrier metal lover of fat injected into the bloodstream with a variety of pathogens and chemical additives may require a reevaluation.
Vaccines may be the most notorious example of "science" head-in-the-sand failed to incorporate modern theories of immunology between systems - gut, endocrine, adrenal - as well as the great customization required for this type of intervention based on preexisting genetic and environmental exposures.
The aluminum used as a vaccine adjuvant, a child is given sixteen times before the age of two . activated microglia in the brain and is strongly linked to Alzheimer, Alzheimer's disease and autoimmune disorders Parkinson.
This is a known neurotoxin potent immune stimulating - added because the immune system of the newborn is built not answer. This has been referred to as the anti-inflammatory phenotype and speaks to the powerful interaction between a baby, his mother's milk, and priming of the immune system in the first 2 years of life.
Several exploratory analyzes have argued for a causal role for aluminum in the incidence of autism including one by Lucija Tomeljenovic and Shaw and MIT researcher, Stephanie Seneff.
For example, one study found that children who received the vaccine Engerix B Hepatitis B were 74% more likely to develop "demyelination nervous system inflammatory center" that children who received the vaccine and 177% more likely to develop multiple sclerosis.
The only study in primates made with a control group not vaccinated, showed concerningly delayed acquisition of reflexes neurodevelopmental thimerosal (ethylmercury preservative forming) Hep B group (especially those with low birth weight and gestational age) vaccinated with respect to the unexposed group.
Studies such as this, along with those who, like this determining a 9x greater risk for receiving special education services to children who received the vaccine series pre-2001 Hep B, and one that suggested 3- fold increased risk of autism diagnosis likely led to the removal of thimerosal from product in 2001.
the vaccine containing thimerosal - was on the market for 19 years before this change (and is still an ingredient of flu vaccine and tetanus), which can pose problems for some about delayed hazard remediation associated with these products.
These dangers are learned from post-hoc, in the field, after many children have paid the price of inadequate placebo-controlled, long-term study. It seems that, by design, vaccines can be a means of sending the immune system, and therefore the brain, a sign of damage .
Real Medicine
Understanding these interrelationships in the beginning of a new form of medicine: one that considers the body and mind as a whole, which shows that environmental and life style of countless influences from its gene expression, and which aims to promote optimal functioning rather than suppress symptoms, opt co operation, and kill pathogens.
Millions of years of evolution have brought us to this place and are just beginning to look through the keyhole.
By Kelly Brogan MD GreenMedInfo ;
About the author: Dr. Brogan is allopathically comprehensive and trained in the care of women at all stages of the reproductive cycle experiencing symptoms of mood and anxiety manner, including premenstrual dysphoria (PMDD), pregnancy and postpartum symptoms and diseases related to menopause.
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