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Title : 90 Percent of Strokes Preventable
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90 Percent of Strokes Preventable

Just when I thought strokes can affect anyone at any time, a team of researchers report that 90 percent of them are avoidable.

Ischemic strokes are by far the most common type, making more than 80% of all strokes. Ischemia means oxygen deficiency in vital tissues. Ischemic strokes are caused by blood clots.

stroke victims have higher levels of calcium in their coronary arteries, but blood pressure remains the most important factor of only modifiable risk for stroke and impact of the hypertension and nine other risk factors together account for 90 percent of all stroke , according to an analysis of nearly 27,000 people from every continent in the world (INTERSTROKE).

, although the same ten risk factors were important and together accounted for 90 percent risk of stroke in all regions, the relative role of some individual risk factors vary by region, the authors they say it should influence the development of strategies to reduce the risk of stroke.


The study led by Dr. Martin O'Donnell and Salim Yusuf professor at McMaster University , along with collaborators from 32 countries, it is based on the preliminary results of the first phase of INTERSTROKE study, which identified ten modifiable risk factors. for stroke in 6000 participants from 22 countries

O'Donnell said:

"This study is of a suitable size and scope to study the risk factors of stroke in all major regions the world, in a key population within and within subtypes of stroke.

"the broader confirms the ten modifiable risk factors associated with 90 percent of stroke cases in all regions, young and old and men and women.

"The study confirms that hypertension is the most important factor in all regions modifiable risk, and the key objective in reducing the burden of stroke worldwide."

to estimate the proportion of strokes caused by specific risk factors, the researchers calculated the population attributable risk for each factor.

The PAR, which is an estimate of the global disease burden could be reduced if an individual risk factor were eliminated, was 47.9 percent for hypertension , 35 , 8 percent physical inactivity , 23.2 percent poor diet , 18.6 percent for obesity , 12, smoking 4 percent, 9.1 percent of cardiac (heart) causes, 3.9 percent for diabetes, 5.8 percent for alcohol intake, 5.8 percent for the stress, and 26.8 percent of the lipid.

Many of these risk factors are known that are also associated with each other (for example, obesity and diabetes), and when combined together, the total RAP for all ten factors of risk was 90, 7 percent, which was similar in all regions, age groups and in both men and women.

Interestingly, the importance of some risk factors seemed to vary by region. For example, the PAR for hypertension ranged from 38.8 percent in Western Europe, North America and Australia to 59.6 percent in Southeast Asia, the PAR for alcohol intake was lowest in Western Europe, North America, Australia and highest in Africa (10.4 percent) and south Asia (10.7 percent), while the PAR for physical inactivity was highest in china.

Atrial fibrillation (irregular heartbeat) was significantly associated with ischemic stroke (PAR ranging from 3.1 percent in South Asia to 17.1 percent in Western Europe, North America and australia), and a high apolipoprotein [ApoB] / A1 ratio. (PAR ranging from 24.8 percent in Western Europe, North America and Australia to 67.6 percent in Southeast Asia)

Yusuf added:

"Our results will allow the development of global population interventions to reduce stroke, and how such programs can be adapted to different regions, as we did observe some regional differences in the importance of some risk factors by region.

"This includes better health education, healthy food more affordable., avoid snuff and more affordable drugs for hypertension and dyslipidemia"

Writing in a related commentary, professor Valery L Feigin and Dr. Rita Krishnamurthi the National Institute of Applied Neurosciences stroke and said:

"Three key messages can be drawn from this study. First, the stroke is a disease that can easily be prevented worldwide, regardless of age and sex.

"Second, the relative importance of modifiable risk factors and PAR required for the development of regional programs or specific ethnic primary prevention, including priority settings, such as focusing on factors risk that contribute most to the risk of stroke in a particular region (as determined by PAR).

"Thirdly, additional research is needed on risk factors for stroke countries and ethnic groups not included in INTERSTROKE and research the ultimate profitability in the primary prevention of stroke in key populations (eg different age, sex, ethnicity or region) "

and added:

". showuld also emphasize that prevention programs should be integrated stroke prevention i'th not important -communicable other diseases that share common risk factors for stroke that are profitable. We have heard requests for action on primary prevention.

"Now is the time for governments, health organizations, and individuals to proactively reduce the global burden of stroke. The governments of all countries should develop and implement an action plan emergency for primary prevention of stroke. "

Reference: thelancet.com

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