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Title : Meningitis- causes, symptoms, prevention
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Meningitis- causes, symptoms, prevention

MENINGITIS









Meningitis is defined as “an inflammation of
pia-arachnoid and the fluid contained in the space.”

As meninges and subarachnoid space are continuous
over brain and spinal cord, hence, meningitis is always cerebrospinal , hence,
it is called cerebrospinal fever.




Causes

Mainly the meningitis is caused due to various
viral, fungal and bacterial infections.




·       
Bacterial
meningitis

Basically this meningitis is caused due to bacteria
that enter into our body through any entrance. Bacteria may enter into our body
through bloodstream. This bacteria may reach to our brain and spinal cord and
will result in bacterial meningitis.

Bacterial meningitis may be caused by infection in
ear or any surgery.




·       
Viral
meningitis

This is also known as “Aseptic meningitis”. It is
caused by virus. It is a benign and self-limiting illness, does not require any
specific therapy. It is less serious than bacterial meningitis. A number of
virus can be the cause of this but most common are, echoviruses and mumps
virus.




·       
Chronic
meningitis

It is a slow growing meningitis. This shows its
symptoms after 2 weeks or more. It is caused due to fungi that get into your
membranes and fluid surrounding your brain. It causes headaches, vomiting,
fever.

Fungal meningitis

This usually occur in patients who are
immunocompromised or have a focus of fungal infection elsewhere. It  is a recognised complication of HIV
infection. Its treatment is amphotericin intravenously or flucytosine orally.




Symptoms

Symptoms of meningitis are as follows:-

1. ·       
   Fever


2. ·       
   Vomiting


3. ·       
   Severe headache


4. ·       
   Malaise


5. ·       
   Confusion or convulsion in children


6. ·       
   Stiffness of neck and back


7. ·       
   Impairment of consciousness


8. ·       
   Irritation or sensitivity to light


9. ·       
   Visual disturbances


10. ·       
    Lack of interest in surroundings


11. ·       
    Lethargy

Symptoms
in infants:-

1. ·       
   Fever


2. ·       
   Listlessness


3. ·       
   Lethargy


4. ·       
   Neck rigidity


5. ·       
   Constant crying


6. ·       
   Loss of appetite

Prevention

1. ·       
   Get vaccinated:-
   the simplest way to prevent meningitis is to get vaccinated against the
   disease. Currently there are two vaccines available for bacterial meningitis.


2. ·       
   Avoid sharing your belongings:-
   generally meningitis spread when you come in contact with others through
   saliva, sputum, nasal mucus of someone who is infected.


3. ·       
   Stay away from infected person:-
   infected person may harm you through sneezing, coughing. This disease spread
   through coughing and sneezing. If someone you know has respiratory infection
   just stay at least 3 feet away from him.


4. ·       
   Wash your hands frequently:-
   always wash your hand after you visit any public place. The germs may enter in
   your body through your hands. Rub your hands thoroughly for 20 seconds then rinse
   and dry them with clean towel.


5. ·       
   Eat nutrition diet:-
   always take nutritional diet so that it could boost your immune system. be
   careful for your health it will help you to fight against diseases.

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