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Title : WHAT YOU DID'NT KNOW ABOUT YOUR KIDNEY
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WHAT YOU DID'NT KNOW ABOUT YOUR KIDNEY

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  human kidney

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  


• Kidneys are the organs that help filter waste products from the blood. They are also involved in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and red blood cell production in the body.


• Symptoms of kidney failure are due to the build-up of waste products in the body that may cause weakness, shortness of breath, lethargy, and confusion. Inability to remove potassium from the bloodstream may lead to abnormal heart rhythms and sudden death. Initially kidney failure may cause no symptoms.


• There
  are numerous causes of kidney failure, and treatment of the underlying
  disease may be the first step in correcting the kidney abnormality.


• Some
  causes of kidney failure are treatable and the kidney function may
  return to normal. Unfortunately, kidney failure may be progressive in
  other situations and may be irreversible.


• The diagnosis of kidney failure usually is made by blood tests measuring BUN, creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR).


• Treatment
  of the underlying cause of kidney failure may return kidney function to
  normal. Lifelong efforts to control blood pressure and diabetes may be
  the best way to prevent chronic kidney disease and its progression to
  kidney failure read this:fast facts on diabetes. As we age kidney function gradually decreases over
  time.


• If the kidneys fail completely, the only treatment options available may be dialysis or transplant.


• The kidneys play key roles in body function, not only by filtering
  the blood and getting rid of waste products, but also by balancing the
  electrolyte levels in the body, controlling blood pressure, and
  stimulating the production of red blood cells.
  
  The kidneys are
  located in the abdomen toward the back, normally one on each side of the
  spine. They get their blood supply through the renal arteries directly
  from the aorta and send blood back to the heart via the renal veins to
  the vena cava. (The term "renal" is derived from the Latin name for
  kidney.)
  
  
  
  The kidneys have the ability to monitor the amount of
  body fluid, the concentrations of electrolytes like sodium and
  potassium, and the acid-base balance of the body. They filter waste
  products of body metabolism, like urea from protein metabolism and uric
  acid from DNA breakdown. Two waste products in the blood usually are
  measured; 1) blood urea nitrogen 


• When blood flows to the kidney, sensors within specialized kidney
  cells regulate how much water to excrete as urine, along with what
  concentration of electrolytes. For example, if a person is dehydrated from exercise
  or from an illness, the kidneys will hold onto as much water as
  possible and the urine becomes very concentrated. When adequate water is
  present in the body, the urine is much more dilute, and the urine
  becomes clear. This system is controlled by renin, a hormone produced in
  the kidney that is part of the fluid and blood pressure regulation
  systems of the body.
  
  Kidneys are also the source of erythropoietin
  in the body, a hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to make red
  blood cells. Special cells in the kidney monitor the oxygen
  concentration in blood. If oxygen levels fall, erythropoietin levels
  rise and the body starts to manufacture more red blood cells.
  
  Urine
  that is made by each kidney flows through the ureter, a tube that
  connects the kidney to the bladder. Urine is stored within the bladder,
  and when urination occurs, the bladder empties urine through a tube
  called the urethra.
  
  
  
  
  

  

  kidney in the body

  
  
  
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