Title : Researchers Solve Mystery Of Why The Brain Is Wrinkled
link : Researchers Solve Mystery Of Why The Brain Is Wrinkled
Researchers Solve Mystery Of Why The Brain Is Wrinkled
id = " Researchers have grown a 3D replica of a brain in a laboratory and successfully reproduced his , wrinkled folded form. The new study published in Nature Physics may have finally answered the long-standing question of how the folds are formed in our brains, with the seemingly more determined process by the laws of physics that the driving forces biology.
The reason our brain has a wrinkled structure emerges from a evolutionary perspective : folding brains shorten the distance the different sections have to communicate through. Furthermore, the folding allows more of the cortex, the outer layer of the brain, to fit into a human skull. As we grow into adults, brain volume increases 20 times, but the surface - Thanks to these folds - increases 30 times Without these folds, our cognitive abilities would be drastically limited. . Although, so we know organic Origami of our brain has a "purpose" other than how these folds arise in the first place has been much less clear. But a team of researchers from Harvard University suspected that it might actually be a fairly simple mechanism, nonbiological behind the development of folds, furrows (grooves) and ridges (gyri) - a process known as gyrification . In order to test this theory, there was a 3D printed replica, based gel of a brain, based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a real fetal brain. Still soft and deployed, this model was coated in a thickness of one millimeter (0.04 inch) second elastomer gel layer, an analogue of the crust material, and is placed in a particular solvent. 
The "bark" fetal brain development reply. The study results are a no-brainer, really. Mahadevan SEAS Lab / Harvard Within a few minutes of being submerged, the elastomer solvent gel absorbs quickly, growing out from the underlying gel. In order to remain attached to the underlying gel, the gel began to mechanically expand and contract the buckle, folded back on itself. The end result looked remarkably similar to the pattern observed grooves in a real brain of the fetus. Previous theories about the processes that drive gyrification have been more biology-focused, with an important idea is that the folds are induced by biochemical signals from inside the brain, cause expansion and contraction of the cortex later. This would allow certain regions of high priority, the brain to be better connected than others. However, this study implies that physical, rather than biological processes largely determine folding pattern of our brain. The understanding of the early stages of brain development is essential if researchers to discover the origin of a number of neurodevelopmental disorders of the brain, including anencephaly , in which the first foundations of the brain of a fetus they begin to form improperly. "Brains are not exactly the same from one human being to another, but all they must have the same major folds in order to be healthy," said Jun Young Chung, a postdoctoral student at the University of Harvard and co-author of the study, the Harvard Gazette . "Our research shows that if a part of the brain does not grow properly, or if the overall geometry is interrupted, can not have the great folds in the right place, which can cause dysfunction in the brain." (source)
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