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Title : Hidden Superchain of Volcanoes Discovered in Australia
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Hidden Superchain of Volcanoes Discovered in Australia

id = " Scientists have just found the world's longest chain of volcanoes on a continent, hidden full view. The newly discovered volcano in Australia chain is not a complete surprise, however: Geologists have long known of small chains, separated from volcanic activity on the island -continent. However, new research reveals a hidden access point once stirring beneath regions without signs of volcanic activity surface, connecting these separate volcanoes one megachain chains. That chain of 1,240-mile (2,000-kilometer) fire swept through most of eastern Australia, from Hillsborough in the north, where the rainforest meets the great barrier reef, the island of Tasmania in the south "the track is almost three times the length of the famous track access point Yellowstone on the continent of North America ", Rhodri Davies, a scientist of the earth at the National University of Australia, said in a statement . [ See amazing photos of wild Volcanoes of the world ] chain of volcanoes Scientists have long known that four tracks separate volcanic activity in the past fringed eastern Australia, with each showing distinct signs of volcanic activity in the past, from extensive lava fields to the flooded volcanic mineral fields called leucitite that is colored dark gray to black. Some of these regions were separated by hundreds of miles, geologists to think the areas that were not connected to main. But Davies and his colleagues suspected that volcanic activity of Australia had a common source: a feather mantle that melted as the crust plate Australia advanced northward over millions of years . (While many volcanoes are formed within the limits of plate tectonics , where hot magma seeps through fissures in the earth, others when mantle plumes form, or hot jets of magma, at the boundary between the mantle and the core of the Earth to reach the surface.) to reinforce his hypothesis, Davis and his colleagues used the fraction of radioactive isotopes of argon (argon versions with different atomic weights) to estimate when volcanic activity first appeared in each of these regions. They combined these data with previous work showing how the Australian plate had moved over millennia. From this information, they could estimate where and when to hit some volcanic regions. The team found that the same access point, probably from a mantle plume, was responsible for all the volcanic activity that crosses the east of Australia. The new volcanic chain, the team nicknamed the track volcanic Cosgrove, was formed between 9 million and 33 million years. (None of the volcanoes on the mainland of Australia have been active during the past pray.) However, there are big differences in volcanic activity on the surface of this track. To understand why, the team modeled the thickness of the lithosphere, the rigid layer that forms the upper mantle and crust. plate thickness and melting It turned out that, at certain points along the Australian tectonic plate, the lithosphere was so thick that the mantle plume not could penetrate all the way to create the merger were presented on the surface of the Earth. However, at other points, the lithosphere was just thin enough to show the smaller tracks of magma on the surface. One of these points is a region of northern New South Wales leucitite rich, containing high concentrations of potassium, thorium and uranium. surface volcanism appeared only when the lithosphere was less than 81 miles (130 km) thick, researchers reported today (September 14) in the journal Nature . The new findings could help scientists model how mantle plumes interact with the continental crust to create volcanism. "Now that we know that there is a direct relationship between the volume and chemical composition of the magma and the thickness of the continent, we can go back and play the best geological record," study co-author Ian Campbell, is also a earth scientist at the Australian national University, said in the statement.
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