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Watch out for these 8 health consequences of overweight and obesity

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Watch out for these 8 health consequences of overweight and obesity

Overweight and obesity are conditions
that if not controlled, it could lead to life threatening diseases.




1 High Blood pressure (Hypertension)

Blood pressure simply put is the
pressure applied by blood on the arteries by the heart due to its pumping
action. High blood pressure has many causes. But it is evident that overweight
and obesity are one of those factors that cause High blood pressure. When you
are overweight or obese, this additional fatty tissue needs more nutrients and
oxygen to survive. The heart therefore has to do more work than is required to
pump blood all over the body. This increase means more pressure on the walls of
the arteries leading to high blood pressure. In addition to this, when
overweight, it takes more pressure to pump blood to all the parts of the body.
Furthermore, when plaque builds up around the walls of the arteries, they
become narrower than before and it becomes harder for the heart to pump blood
though the narrow vessels causing High blood pressure.




2 Stroke

The risk of having stroke increases
with an increase in BMI. When you are overweight, a lot of fat gets deposited
around the walls of your arteries. This buildup of fats is called plaque. In
the event that this plaque gets dislodged from the walls of the arteries, a
blood clot can occur at that point. If this blood clot occurs around you brain,
it can limit the amount of blood that is being supplied to your brain causing a
stroke.




3 Coronary heart
disease (CHD)

When you consume more than is
required, most of the leftovers are converted into fats and cholesterol and
stored under your skin. While in your arteries, this fats, cholesterol and
other deposits form plaque and are stored around the walls of your arteries.
This plaque slowly builds up and hardens your arteries making it less flexible.
The process of this buildup of plaque in the arteries is called
atherosclerosis.  It this build up takes
place in the coronary arteries, it will narrow the arteries and reduce the
amount of blood flow to the heart and muscles of the heart. This can cause
angina, heart disease, heart attack or worst still heart failure.




4 Type 2 Diabetes

There are many risk factors for type
2 diabetes such as race, certain medication, family history but overweight and
obesity are the two leading causes of type 2 diabetes. About 90 % of people who
have type 2 diabetes are either overweight or obese.

Diabetes is a term used to describe a
condition whereby the blood sugar or glucose is higher than normal. Some of the
foods we eat are broken down into glucose. There are special cells that turn
this glucose into energy with the use of a chemical called insulin. People who
are overweight or obese have added stress on their body cells to convert
glucose into energy. This adds more pressure on the body’s ability to be able
to use insulin properly. As a result, much of the glucose in the blood remains
unconverted. This can lead to diabetes.




5 Joint pain

Overweight and obesity can put extra
pressure on joints. This is because the body is not able to carry the weight of
the body. Extra weight can also wear the joints of the body causing a breakdown
of cartilage and bones within a joint causing osteoarthritis.




6 High triglyceride
and high blood cholesterol levels (dyslipidemia)

When you are overweight or obese, you
are at risk for having high levels of triglycerides and bad cholesterol (low
density lipoprotein, LDL) and having low levels of good cholesterol ( High density
lipoprotein, HDL). High triglyceride and LDL make you at risk of developing
coronary heart disease.




7 Sleep apnea and loud
snoring

Sleep apnea is a condition in which
you have pauses in you breathing while you sleep. This condition disrupts your
sleep without you being aware of it. Most at times it is your roommate or family
member who tell you of your condition. When you are obese and overweight, fat
is stored around your neck making breathing difficult because your airway is
narrow. Most often it results in loud snores and a transition from deep to
shallow sleep.




8 Gall stones

Gall stones are small rock like
masses that develop in the gall bladder. Gall stones are formed when substances
in bile hardens and turn into solids. Bile is a fluid stored in the gall
bladder that aids in digestion. This gall stones are mostly made up of
cholesterol.




Other consequences of being overweight or obese include

• Limited range in
  body flexibility.


•  Difficulty in
  performing simple physical activities such as walking.


• Some cancers such as
  gallbladder, breast, endometrial and colon cancers.


• Social discrimination
  like being forced to pay for two seats when taking a bus.


• Depression and
  anxiety.


• Metabolic syndrome,
  a term used to refer to a group of conditions that make one at risk for
  developing heart disease.

  

Resources

Pasquet P¹, Temgoua LS, Melaman-Sego F, Froment A, Rikong-Adié H. Prevalence for overweight and obesity for urban adults in
Cameroon




http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/weight-control/understanding/Pages/understanding-adult-overweight-and-obesity.aspx




https://www.sharecare.com/health/high-blood-pressure/what-causes-high-blood-pressure

https://www.sharecare.com/health/obesity-overweight-condition/how-obesity-high-blood-pressure

http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/obe/risks

Obesity society. http://www.obesity.org/resources-for/your-weight-and-diabetes.htm

http://frac.org/initiatives/hunger-and-obesity/what-are-the-consequences-of-adult-overweight-and-obesity/

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