Title : Double Vision (Diplopia)
link : Double Vision (Diplopia)
Double Vision (Diplopia)
What is the double vision?
Double vision is the perception of two images of an adjacent seen each alternative (horizontal, vertical or oblique) or overlapping object. diplopia is medically termed visual defect. Polyplopia is that the perception of 3 or more pictures of an object overlap each other.
What causes double vision?
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There ar causes of diplopia from mild to severe dozens. Therefore, it is necessary to rigorously review the medical history and therefore examining determine the cause and start the acceptable treatment once needed. Sometimes emergency treatment is necessary.
Most causes of mother monocular visual defect due to poor targeting of sun by the attention. Refractive errors (nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism) ar common. Dry eye (an extension of causes as meibomitis, Sjögren's syndrome, and downplayed tear production after refractive surgery) more visual defect that varies with flickering appear. Cataracts (clouding of the natural lens) and natural action of the posterior capsule (after cataract surgery) ar common in people over sixty years old. Alternative conditions that interfere with the correct targeting of sun embody layer of tissue inflammation or scarring of irregularity and conditions of the retina such as macular pucker. It is rarely the underlying cause of a medical emergency in case of monocular visual defect.
binocular visual defect in the opposite hand is created by placement of the eyes, which can be caused by severe conditions. for example, aneurysms, strokes, trauma (head injury), and brain edema (eg willcer brain) may interfere with the nerves that management of the extraocular muscles. Extraocular muscles eyes move in several direction of gaze, very like the strings of a figure, and once one or extra muscle is weakened or paralyzed, has brought him as nerve palsy. In MS, lesions in the regions of the brain eye alignment management could result in a visual defect that varies with time. Guillain-Barré going out visual defect restricted eye movement attributable to the nerve injury. headache pain sufferers cause an eye placement head even fulminant temporary. Diseases such as neuromuscular junction disease interfere with communication between nerves and therefore the eye muscles to cause visual defect. and therefore the eye muscles themselves may be degraded or compressed by conditions such as Graves' disease (often linked to thyroid disease), orbital inflammation, vascular disease (as seen with polygenic disease and pressure high) blood, and others. After a traumatic fracture of the orbital bone, muscle and orbital tissue is also cornered within the fracture, resulting in the restriction of eye movement in certain directions of gaze. in general, the cause is relatively harmless, as once the muscles of care or neurological signals to the muscles weaken with fatigue or illness. Inability to align the eyes once specialize in a position close to the object (convergence insufficiency) may be a common reason for intermittent benign binocular visual defect that usually can be treated with prism glasses.
The symptoms and signs ar double vision?
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The images may appear to overlap each alternative {|} together or may appear with everyone else. visual defect may vary looking in the direction of gaze or tilt or rotation of the top.
One of the most important options for solving crucial is whether or not the visual defect is monocular or binocular. In monocular visual defect, diplopia is caused by a condition in intervals of one or each eye and does not solve a turn covered eye. In binocular visual defect, ar misaligned eyes. each eye sees an image once it operates alone, because once one eye is covered, however once every ar eyes open the brain perceives two adjacent pictures.
How do health professionals diagnose the cause double vision?
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A thorough analysis of diplopia starts with a depth of visual defect history, and the emergence (gradual or sudden), duration, frequency (intermittent or constant), and variability with the position of the head or eyes, watching the associated symptoms (pain, headache, nausea and weight loss, among others), and a history of past and current medical problems. The physical exam includes measurement of vision in each eye and assess whether or not the visual defect is monocular or binocular. A careful examination of the alignment of the eyes in various head positions is carried out if the binocular visual defect. an examination of the eyes together, that can embody the eye dilation is carried out apparently in search of eye or orbital anomalies. special attention to students and folded position protection is given if a neurological cause is suspected. In some cases, specialized images (topography, CT, MRI, etc.) and AR alternative tests required to investigate the causes of any attainable. Once a suspected cause of life-threatening or vision, force time is the essence.
What is the treatment for double vision?
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Once the underlying cause has been determined, treatment is tailored to the underlying condition.
Diplopia derived from refractive errors (nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism) can be corrected with glasses or contact lenses. AR dry eyes treated with artificial tears, punctal plugs, heat packs, and an extension of alternative treatments. The AR cataracts removed with surgery, and the natural action of the posterior capsule (after cataract surgery) is treated with optical maser. it is rare that the reason monocular visual defect to be a medical emergency.
binocular visual defect in the opposite hand can be caused by severe conditions and emergency treatment is also needed. this is often the case, especially with aneurysm, head trauma, stroke and alternative neurological diseases. Any appearance of a visual defect associated with neurological symptoms, such as headache, nausea, dizziness, loss of balance, etc., should be evaluated immediately.
Diplopia created by Maladys chronic (see above causes) could improve with treatment of the underlying disease. If the eye muscles congested AR (such as Graves' disease) or trapped (as when the fracture orbital trauma), surgery or muscle tissue covering could correct the matter.
convergence insufficiency, or inability to align the eyes once specialize in a situation close to the object may be a common reason for intermittent binocular visual defect benign rather than read. It will improve with eye exercises ( "bends" pencil prescribed by the physician care).
often glasses with prisms can be used to correct a binocular visual defect. If is expected that the visual defect to solve, temporary prisms (Fresnel prisms) may be more than the glass and then withdrawn once the aline eyes.
What types of doctors treat double vision?
The eye doctors (optometrists and ophthalmologists) will conduct the evaluation and treatment of eye diseases tax. The primary care physician (internist or pediatrician) will address underlying systemic diseases that cause double vision, and in some cases, specialists such as neurologists, endocrinologists and neurosurgeons also referred to as to provide treatment.
Is it possible to stop the double vision?
If the underlying cause is preventable, your doctor may suggest ways to reduce the likelihood of recurrence.
What is the prognosis double vision?
The prognosis depends on the underlying cause. monocular visual defect attributable to blurred vision includes a reasonable prognosis, provided that the underlying reason for the lack of definition is correctable. binocular visual defect could resolve with the treatment of the underlying cause, however, in some cases, there is also the permanent placement of the eyes attributable to injury or nerve or muscle healing. during this stage, glasses with prisms would possibly facilitate addition, since the surgical approach in some cases.
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