Title : This Sugar May Be New Weapon Against Fructose
link : This Sugar May Be New Weapon Against Fructose
This Sugar May Be New Weapon Against Fructose
id = " Fight of sugar with sugar? This could be the result of a new study in mice show that a natural sugar called trehalose prevents a diet rich in fructose, or fruit sugar, causing fatty liver disease.
"In general, if you feed a mouse a diet high in sugar, fatty liver gets," said Dr. Brian DeBosch, a pediatric gastroenterologist at the University of Washington School of Medicine in St. Louis, who led the study. "We found that if you feed a mouse with a diet high in fructose in addition to providing water containing 3 percent drinking trehalose, completely blocks the development of a fatty liver." Mice receiving trehalose also had a lower weight at end of study and lower circulating cholesterol levels, fatty acids and triglycerides, the control mice given water, DeBosch added. [Why Is Too Much Sugar Bad for You?] The study, published today (23 February) in the journal Science Signaling, adds to a growing body of evidence that trehalose can trigger cells to "clean up" and remove causing molecules diseases, such as fat seen in fatty liver disease or criminals proteins involved in neurological disorders. The findings could have broad implications, experts who did not work in the studio. fatty liver disease, as the name implies, is caused by the accumulation of fat called triglycerides in liver cells. The condition is caused largely by alcohol abuse, diabetes or obesity. disease NAFLD affects at least 10 percent of Americans and 60 percent of obese individuals, according to the Mayo Rochester, Minnesota Clinic. People with the disease can develop health problems in general due to a low functioning liver, and may even need a liver transplant. Trehalose is a naturally occurring sugar composed of two glucose molecules bonded together. It is found in some plants, insects, bacteria and fungi, including mushrooms such as shiitake and oyster mushrooms. Scientists first isolated trehalose place for more than a century of cocoons of insects called "trehala manna," which are made by a certain type of weevil and a sweet taste. Historians believe that the manna mentioned in the Old Testament was likely flakes trehalose from any of the insects, fungi or crystallized vegetable spray. DeBosch group he found that trehalose prevent fatty liver disease in mice in at least two ways. First, it prevented some glucose into liver cells; this glucose, if not immediately used for energy, would have become the fat stored in the liver. Second, and more important, trehalose marked liver cells to undergo a process called autophagy, which means that the cells were disrupted by themselves and out of their excess fat. "Glucose and fructose are the energy sources in good faith, and so suppress autophagy," said DeBosch Live Science. In other words, when the body has a power supply easy to use in hand, in the form of sugar, you need not resort to breaking the stored fat for energy. Conversely, "trehalose is the only sugar [studied thus far] that induces autophagy." Previously, researchers found that trehalose triggers autophagy in Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), helping to eliminate the accumulation of unwanted proteins in the nervous system. But they do not know exactly how. These studies also were conducted in mice. Claudio Hetz of the University of Chile in Santiago, who was not involved in the new study, praised the research to discover the mechanism by which trehalose promotes beneficial autophagy in a variety of cell types, mainly by blocking glucose transport and forcing the cells into famine mode. Hetz discovered the effect of trehalose in ALS in 2013 and co-wrote a commentary accompanying the new article in Science Signaling. He told Live Science that scientists now have one goal - the doors that allow glucose to cross cell membranes, called glucose transporters, or GLUTs. By blocking those gates, either trehalose or a small similar molecule, scientists may be able to induce autophagy when necessary, either in the liver or nervous system, Hetz said. David Rubinsztein of the University of Cambridge, who discovered the inducer of autophagy trehalose on Huntington's disease effect in 2006, said the new work may be relevant to the broader neurodegenerative field. [8 Ways to Fight Sugar Cravings] Hetz noted that some ALS patients are experimenting with the use of trehalose as a dietary supplement to control their symptoms. However, he said that trehalose in high doses - the amounts that might be needed to relieve symptoms - can also cause diarrhea and other gastrointestinal problems. As it can be detrimental to self-medicate in this way. DeBosch noted that there are limits in the study of mice to human disease, namely due to the difference in the immune system of animals compared to humans. But mice and humans have similar glucose transporters, and these are found in most cells. This provides "some hope" that the findings may lead to human therapies for a variety of diseases, DeBosch said. "The stakes are relatively low [in translating the new findings into] a trial to humans of this particular compound," because it is a natural substance found in human foods and consume DeBosch reported. (source)
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