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What are the risk factors for Breast Cancer?

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What are the risk factors for Breast Cancer?

Risk factors for breast cancer are those conditions
or anything that increases your chances of developing breast cancer. However, having
this risk factor doesn’t mean you will develop breast cancer. There are some risk factors that we have no
control over, like being a woman while there are other factors that we can
control, such as diet and lifestyle factors.

image source: nationalbreastcancer.org

No one is to be blamed for causing breast cancer. It is not the fault of the individual, the devil or as a result of sorcery.




Below are the conditions that increase a woman’s
chances of developing breast cancer:

Risk
factors that we cannot control

1
Gender

Just being a woman increases your chances of having
breast cancer. Men have breast cancer too, but their chances of developing
breast cancer are by far lower than that of women. Some health experts
associate this discrepancy to the  hormones estrogen and progesterone
which can fuel the growth of breast cancer. Breast Cancer occurs 100 times more
in women than in men.




2
Family History of Breast Cancer

A woman’s chances of getting breast cancer increases
if her mother or sister has had breast cancer. The direct mechanism is still
being studied by researchers. However, the percentage of women who develop breast
cancer and have had a close blood relative who was diagnosed with breast cancer
is as low as 15%.




3
Previous diagnosis of breast Cancer

The chances of getting breast Cancer after a
previous diagnosis of cancer is high. This is why women who have been diagnosed
with breast cancer need to go for regular checkups. If she developed breast
Cancer on the right breast, she should also go for breast Cancer screening on
the left breast.




4
The risk of developing breast Cancer increases with age

The older a woman gets, the more her chances of
developing breast Cancer.

Two out of every three women have been diagnosed
with invasive breast cancer after the age of 55.




5
Race

Caucasian women are more likely to develop breast
cancer than other women.




6
Menstrual History

Women who started menstruating early especially
before the age of 12 or women who undergo menopause after 55 are more likely to
develop breast cancer.




7
Reproductive History

Having the first child at an older age or not having
given birth at all increases a woman’s chances of developing breast cancer.




8
Having dense breast tissue

Having a dense breast tissue increases a woman’s
chances of having breast cancer and furthermore, a dense breast tissue makes
lumps harder to detect. Women who have dense breast tissue should always go for
checkups and screening.




9
Mutation of Genes

When mutation occurs in certain genes such as BRCA1
and BRCA2, it can increase the risk of developing breast cancer. These genes
help in preventing breast cancer by synthesizing proteins that prevent our
cells from growing abnormally. These genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 can be inherited
from parents. If these genes are inherited, then the chances of having breast
cancer can occur at any age. It is important for people to do a genetic test to
confirm if they have BRCA1 or BRCA2.




Risk
factors that can be controlled




1
couch potatoes and a sedentary lifestyle

Those who do not engage in physical activity are
more likely to develop breast cancer.




2
Being overweight and obese

The chances of developing breast cancer increases
with women who are overweight and obese.




3
drinking alcohol in excess

Drinking alcohol in excess increases a woman’s
chances of having breast cancer.




4
Birth control

Depo-provera (Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate,
DMPA) is a form of birth control that is given to women every three months through
injection. It is an injectable form of progesterone. Women who use Depo-provera
have an increased risk of having breast cancer




Women who use oral contraceptive pills have a
greater risk of developing breast cancer than women who have never used oral
contraceptives. This risk tends to reduce with time if the pill is stopped.




5
Poor diet

Women who do not eat more fruits and vegetables, who consume diets that are high in saturated fat, artificial products and
chemicals have a higher chance of developing breast cancer.




6
Taking hormones for menopause

Taking a combined Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) which
is prescribed for menopause can increase ones risk of having breast cancer. It
is called combined because it involves estrogen and progesterone.  These hormones help relieve the symptoms of
menopause.




There is no evidence to support the following, which
are being rumoured to increase the risk of breast cancer:

• Wearing bras


• Taking antidepressants


• Induced
  abortions 


• Breast implants

Sources:

American Cancer Society

National Breast Cancer Foundation Inc

Medical News Today

National Cancer Institiute

Breast Cancer.org

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