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Title : Tuberculosis :- Causes, Symptoms and Treatment of Tuberculosis
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Tuberculosis :- Causes, Symptoms and Treatment of Tuberculosis

tuberculosis. - causes, symptoms and treatment of tuberculosis
the cause of tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Mycobacterium. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention minimize the effects, consequences and contagion.


Tuberculosis is usually associated with the lungs, but can affect other organs of the body such as the kidneys, lymph nodes, joints and can also cause meningitis. While tuberculosis was no longer a medical problem of the first order, with the onset of AIDS, infectious disease again requires special attention.

Indeed, immunocompromised patients are especially susceptible to attack by the Koch bacillus, name given in honor of its discoverer, the German Nobel prize Robert Koch. As a curious note is the estimate talks about a third of the world population infected by this bacterium. It is certainly infectious disease with higher prevalence rate, but yes, only 10% will develop the disease. The immune system, in normal conditions, is effective in delaying the disease progression, but when low levels alarming defenses, as in the case of AIDS, then the problem becomes.

vaccines BCG tuberculosis

the TB vaccine, known as BCG - was created from live attenuated bacilli of Mycobacterium bovis, known as bacillus Calmette-Guerin. Vaccination of newborns abandoned in Spain for more than 30 years, with the exception of the Basque Country, where it still remains.

The systematic application of the vaccine is recommended in the following cases:

developing countries have high rates of prevalence of tuberculosis.

Children who live in areas or social groups are at high risk of infection.

Children in developed countries constitute risk groups and other prevention strategies do not apply.

Health workers are often contact with TB patients.

The BCG vaccine is contraindicated in some cases

congenital or acquired immunodeficiency.

previously infected individuals, have not been developed or disease (positive tuberculin skin test).

Skin diseases.

Pregnancy.

Symptoms and diagnosis of tuberculosis

the most common manifestation of the disease is pulmonary tuberculosis. This is transmitted through coughing, sneezing and, in general, and prolonged close contact with those infected.

The symptoms most commonly associated with tuberculosis are chills and night sweats, cough, loss of appetite, chest pain, discomfort and considerable weight loss. Symptoms are similar to pneumonia, but while it has a faster development of a couple of days or even hours-TB is a process that takes weeks.

The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is made from the clinical history, chest radiography and sputum, which identifies the culprit :. Koch bacillus

In cases of infections affecting the lungs, which often occur after lung infections or asymptomatic infections, there is a persistent fever with significant weight loss without an identifiable cause.

Treatment of Tuberculosis

drug therapy begins in 1944, with the advent of streptomycin and para-aminosalicylic acid. Later, in 1950, it would prove that a combination therapy of two antimicrobial agents was more effective than the initial immunotherapy. Two years later, a new drug isoniazid, which is added to the combination and improvement? In 1960 ethambutol therapy also it includes reducing the duration of therapy to 18 months. In the seventies rifampin becomes part of combination therapy halved. And in 1980 it is included in the treatment pyrazinamide, again reducing treatment, in this case to 6 months.

Antituberculostaticos drugs are classified into two groups according to their efficacy, potency and side effects. Which they are known as first-line drugs mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The second-line drugs, such as ethionamide, cycloserine or ciprofloxacin, are used in cases of resistant tuberculosis or the intention to avoid the side effects of first-line drugs.

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