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What is hypertension?

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What is hypertension?

Hypertension (High blood pressure) is
a global health problem. It is estimated that by the year 2025, 1.56 billion
people worldwide will have hypertension. As time goes by hypertension becomes
more and more common to the extent that it is considered normal to have
hypertension.

Blood pressure is the force exerted
by blood as it flows along blood vessels. Your blood pressure reading is
composed of two values; the systolic value and diastolic value.




Systolic pressure: this is the pressure exerted on your blood vessels as the heart pumps
blood around the body.

Diastolic pressure: this is the pressure exerted on your blood vessels when the heart
relaxes to refill with blood.




The American Heart Association (AHA)
defines blood pressure in the following ranges in mmHg:

• Normal Blood
  pressure is when systolic is less than 120 and diastolic is less than 80


• Prehypertension is
  when the systolic pressure is between 120-139 and or diastolic is between 80-89


• Stage 1 hypertension
  is when systolic pressure is between 140-159 and or diastolic pressure is
  between 90-99


• Stage 2 hypertension
  is when the systolic pressure is above 160 and or diastolic pressure is above
  100


• Hypertensive crisis
  which is a  medical emergency is when the
  systolic pressure is greater than 180 and or the diastolic pressure is greater
  than 110

So a normal blood pressure value is
written as 110(systolic)/76 (diastolic)




Resources

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/150109.php

http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Blood-pressure-(high)/Pages/Causes.aspx

http://www.bupa.co.uk/health-information/directory/h/hypertension

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