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First Aid For A Heart Attack by Dr Willie Ong

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First Aid For A Heart Attack by Dr Willie Ong

Did you know that the fastest way to die is from a heart attack? When the heart stops beating, the brain and internal organs die. Hence, we need to act fast if we suspect someone is having a heart attack.



Let us look at the facts:

1. Fifty percent of all heart attack patients die before reaching the hospital.

2. On the average, a person waits 3 hours before asking for help during a heart attack.

3. Studies show that the sooner the patient is brought to a hospital, the better are the chances of survival.

4. There is a lifesaving drug (and procedure) that could save a patient’s life if given within a few hours of a heart attack.



What is a heart attack?

A heart attack occurs when the blood flow that carries oxygen to the heart muscle is blocked because of clogged arteries. The heart muscle cannot survive with poor oxygen supply and begins to die. The usual blockage inside the heart’s small arteries (coronary arteries) is a waxy, fatty substance called plaque. Fatty foods, smoking, diabetes and stress can lead to a buildup of these plaques over several years. 



This condition is medically called coronary heart disease, coronary artery disease or simply heart disease. They all mean the same thing. In a heart attack, the heart’s artery or arteries are completely blocked by the plaque, and usually a blood clot.









Risk Factors and Symptoms:

Risk factors for heart disease include an older male (especially fifties and above), a smoker, diabetic, overweight, and has medical conditions like high blood pressure and high cholesterol.



The typical symptom of coronary heart disease is a chest discomfort (heaviness) in the mid and lower part of the chest, lasting from 5 to 15 minutes. This chest discomfort comes about with exertion, like climbing two flights of stairs, and is relieved by rest. 



During a heart attack, the chest pain can last up to 30 minutes in duration. The patient may also complain of light-headedness, cold sweats and nausea. 



Take note, however, that women and diabetics may have less typical symptoms. Diabetics can have just a mild chest discomfort or none at all. Women can present with difficulty of breathing, pain in the lower jaw or numbness of the left arm. If a person has the risk factors for heart disease, then you should be suspicious that he or she may be having a heart attack.






First-Aid For A Heart Attack:

If you suspect someone is having a heart attack, consider doing the following:

1. Call the doctor or hospital for an ambulance. Bring the patient to the nearest Emergency Room immediately.

2. While waiting for help to arrive, give the patient enough oxygen. Use an electric fan or air conditioning.

3. Sit the patient comfortably in a 45 degree angle. Rest the feet on a footstool. 

4. Loosen tight clothing. Remove neckties and loosen belts and pants.

5. Keep the patient relaxed. Reassure the patient that help is on the way.

6. To calm the patient, you can instruct him to breathe slowly and deeply. 

7. If the patient has maintenance medicines, like for chest pain, then have the patient take it. The generic names include nitroglycerine, isosorbide dinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate. Common brand names are Nitrostat, Isordil and Imdur.

8. The best first-aid medicine for a heart attack is Aspirin 325 mg tablet or 2 tablets of aspirin 80 mg tablet. This can help stabilize the blood clot inside the heart’s arteries.

9. If you know how, you can monitor the blood pressure and heart rate of the patient.

10. Finally, bring the patient to a hospital quickly for further treatment and observation. It’s the safest place for the patient.



Prevention Tips For Heart Disease:

1. Control and reduce your risk factors for heart disease. Treat and control high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes. Take your maintenance medicines religiously.

2. Quit smoking and avoid exposure to second-hand smoke.

3. Lose weight if you are overweight. Know your ideal body weight and try to get close to it.

4. Eat red foods (such as tomatoes, apples, strawberries and watermelon) and green foods (such as vegetables) that are good for the heart. Limit eating pork and beef. Reduce sugar and sweets in the diet. 

5. Limit your alcohol intake. One drink a day may be okay, but two or more drinks a day may harm your heart, liver and brain. If you’re not a drinker, don’t start.

6. Get a regular check-up from your doctor.  Ask what kind of exercise is best for your age and condition. 



Remember that heart disease does not happen in a day, a week or a year’s time. It occurs because of several years of unhealthy lifestyle. So take the necessary steps to reverse it now.

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