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Title : Plan to Tackle Liver Disease
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Plan to Tackle Liver Disease

What is liver disease? There are over 100 types of liver diseases which together affect at least 2 million people in the UK. In the UK, the three most common types are:

• alcohol-related liver disease - related to excessive alcohol consumption
• disease NAFLD - by usually related to being overweight or obese
• hepatitis C - a virus bloodborne usually transmitted by injecting drug users share needles or, less commonly, by sharing personal items such as razors or toothbrushes

the three are avoidable

• liver disease related to alcohol can be prevented by sticking to the recommended alcohol consumption guidelines and ideally have a couple of days a week on drinking any alcohol
• disease nonalcoholic fatty liver can be prevented to achieve or maintain a healthy weight through a combination of a healthy diet and exercise
• hepatitis C can avoid sharing needles with others if you are a drug user and not to share personal items that may be contaminated with blood

who wrote this report?
The report was prepared by a group of doctors and academics in the UK, and was published in the reviewed medical journal, The Lancet. The work was organized by the Lancet that "provide the basis of evidence stronger through the participation of experts from a wide cross-section of disciplines, firm recommendations to reduce premature unacceptable mortality [death] and burden of preventable causes, and to improve the standard of care for patients with liver disease in the hospital. "

report states that there are people involved in the report were compensated for their time and were declared competing interests. The report many of the leading medical research councils and liver in the UK were made, including the British Liver Trust, the Royal College of General Practitioners, Foundation for Liver Diseases of Children, the Royal College of Physicians, the Society British Gastroenterology, the Foundation for liver Research and the British Association for the Study of the liver. The views expressed in the report are described as those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of any of the organizations involved in this report. ¿

What were the problems identified in the report?
The report describes how liver disease in the UK "stands out as a notable exception" to the great improvements in health and life expectancy made in the last 30 years for many diseases such as stroke , heart disease and many cancers. The increase in deaths related to liver disease was described as linked to similar increases in known risk factors for liver disease, ie, alcohol, obesity and an increasing number of cases of viral hepatitis (especially hepatitis C). Deficiencies in hospital care and primary liver disease were also highlighted along with the financial impact for the NHS. Some of the key facts that are used to describe the current "crisis" in liver disease include:

• death rates from liver disease have increased 400% since 1970 general and almost 500% in the lower 65.
• liver disease is the third most common cause of premature death in the UK, and the rate of increase of liver disease is substantially higher in the UK than in other Western European countries.
• More than 1 million hospital admissions per year are the result of alcohol-related disorders, and both the number of admissions and increased deaths almost parallel to the increase in alcohol consumption in the UK for the last 30 years.
• 25% of the population now classified as obese, most have disease NAFLD, and many (up to 1 in 20) have inflammation and scarring in progress, which eventually leads to cirrhosis . Of patients with cirrhosis, 5-10% have liver cancer.
• is added This increased burden of liver disease from chronic viral hepatitis - annual deaths from hepatitis C they have quadrupled since 1996, and about 75% of infected people are estimated to not yet recognized. The same applies to chronic hepatitis B infection, which can progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer.
• The cost of National Health Service in the UK is equally staggering, with estimates of £ 3.5 billion per year for health problems related to alcohol and £ 5.5 billion a year the consequences of obesity.
• There is unacceptable variation in health outcomes of people attending various liver diseases specialist services across the country. This means that some specialized centers performing much worse than others.
• Based on survey data, care of seriously ill patients with liver disease die in the hospital was judged to be good at less than half of cases. Other findings were unacceptable inadequate facilities and lack of experience of caring for patients.
There
• Deficiencies in primary care, which is crucial opportunities for early diagnosis and prevention of disease progression.
• The people most by the burden of liver disease and death affected are the poorest and most vulnerable in our society. ¿

What were the suggested solutions?
The report notes the recommendations were selected on the basis that they will have the greatest effect, and that they should be implemented urgently.

"Although the recommendations are based primarily on data from England, have wider to the UK as a whole application, and agree with the current strategy of health care policy by Scotland health boards, Wales Department of health, and the Department of health and Social Services in Northern Ireland ".

10 highest impact of the report and recommendations are urgently needed are:

• strengthen early detection of liver disease and its treatment by improving the level of experience and installations primary care.
• Improve support services in the adjustment for screening high-risk patients in the community.
• Establish liver units in district general hospitals to link up with specialists 30 centers distributed regionally to highly specialized research and treatment available.
• A national review of liver transplant services to ensure better access for patients in specific areas of the country, and provide sufficient capacity for the expected increase the availability of donor organs.
• reinforce the continuity of care in the transitional arrangements for the growing number of children with liver disease survive into adulthood.
• Implement a minimum price per unit, health warnings on alcohol containers, and restricting sales of alcohol advertising and alcohol.
• Promoting healthy lifestyles to reduce obesity in the country and its health outcomes life, government regulations to reduce the sugar content in foods and beverages and the use of new roads diagnostic to identify people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
• eradicate infections by the virus of chronic hepatitis C in the UK in 2030 the use of antiviral drugs, reduce the burden of hepatitis B, target high-risk groups for these viruses, including immigrant communities, and the universal use of six-in-one hepatitis B vaccination for children.
• Increase the supply of medical and nursing training in hepatology and broader educational opportunities for health professionals to increase the number of doctors and nurses in hospitals and primary care.
• Increasing awareness of liver disease in the general population with a national campaign led by NHS England - clinical commissioning groups gear (CCG) increase awareness of health teams in the area.

What happens next?
is difficult to predict. Some of the recommendations, such as the provision of resources to the early diagnosis of liver disease more likely, are purely clinical. Whether or not the recommendation is likely to be collected depending on whether the resources are available and this can be justified. But other recommendations - such as the introduction of minimum prices for alcohol, restricting the sale of alcohol at certain times of day, and the incorporation of new rules on alcohol advertising - are politically controversial, and is likely to meet with strong opposition from the alcohol industry.

it would be surprising if any of the parties publicly their support for the recommendations on this side of the next general election. Governments have the power to change behavior, which, as with the smoking ban, can be very successful in achieving large-scale change. But ultimately, the responsibility for prevention of liver disease is yours. If moderate their alcohol intake, try to maintain a healthy weight, and never share needles (if you are an injecting drug user), you should have a good chance to prevent liver disease.

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