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Title : Fracking or Chemtrails? Study Shows Water Wells Closest to Fracking are More Contaminated
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Fracking or Chemtrails? Study Shows Water Wells Closest to Fracking are More Contaminated

The peer-reviewed article focuses on the presence of metals such as arsenic, barium, selenium and strontium in water samples.

A new study of 100 private water wells in and near Barnett Shale showed elevated levels of potential contaminants such as arsenic and selenium closer extraction sites of natural gas, according to a team of researchers was led by UT Arlington associate of chemistry and biochemistry professor Kevin Schug.

Brian Fontenot, who earned his Ph.D. in quantitative biology at UT Arlington, worked with Kevin Schug, associate UT Arlington chemistry and biochemistry professor, and a team of researchers to analyze samples from 100 private water wells.

the study results north Texas also were published online by the journal Environmental Science & Technology Thursday. The peer-reviewed article focuses on the presence of metals such as arsenic, barium, selenium and strontium in water samples. Many of these heavy metals occur naturally in low levels in groundwater, but the disruption of mining activities could make natural gas produced at high levels.

"This study alone can not conclusively identify the exact causes of the high levels of pollutants in areas close to the drilling of natural gas, but it does provide a powerful argument in favor of continuing the investigation, "said Brian Fontenot, a graduate of UT Arlington a doctorate in quantitative biology and lead author on the new paper.

He added: "We hope this is the first of several projects that ultimately will help the scientific community, the natural gas industry, and most importantly, the public understand the effects of natural gas drilling in water quality. "


researchers believe the increased presence of metals it could be due to a variety of factors, including industrial, such as defective casings gas accidents; mechanical vibrations of the activity of natural gas drilling disturbing particles in the team neglected pit water; or decreasing the water table through drought or removing water used for hydraulic fracturing process. Any of these scenarios could release dangerous compounds in shallow groundwater.

Researchers collected samples from private wells of varying depth within an area of ​​13 counties on or near the Barnett Shale in the North Texas for four months in the summer and fall of 2011. Ninety-one samples were drawn from what they call "active mining areas," or areas that had one or more gas wells within five kilometers. Other nine samples were taken from the sites, either within the Barnett Shale and over 14 kilometers of a site of natural gas drilling, or from sites outside the Barnett Shale completely. The locations of these sites are called "non-active areas / reference" in the study.

Researchers accepted without external funds to ensure the integrity of the study. The researchers compared the samples to historical data from wells in these counties database groundwater Board Texas Water Development for 1989-1999, before the proliferation of natural gas drilling.

in addition to the standard tests of water quality, the researchers used gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography headspace (HS-GC) and inductively coupled mass spectrometry plasma ( ICP-MS). Many of the tests were carried out in Center Shimadzu for Advanced Analytical Chemistry on the campus of UT Arlington.

"Drilling for natural gas is one of the most talked about problems in North Texas and across the country. This study was an opportunity for us to use our knowledge of chemistry and statistical analysis to put the concerns of the people to the test and find out if they would be backed by scientific data " Schug, who is also distinguished Shimadzu Analytical Chemistry at UT Arlington Faculty of Sciences professor said.

on average, researchers found the highest levels of these contaminants to 3 kilometers of natural gas wells, including several samples having arsenic and selenium above levels considered safe by the Agency for Environmental Protection. For example, the 29 wells that were within the active area of ​​drilling for natural gas in the study exceeded the maximum contamination limit EPA 10 micrograms per liter of arsenic, a potentially dangerous situation.

the areas outside the areas of drilling activity or outside the Barnett shale did not show the same high for most metals levels.

Other team leaders Texas gas wells were Laura Hunt who conducted his post-doctoral research in biology at UT Arlington, and Zacariah Hildenbrand, who earned his doctorate in biochemistry from the University of Texas at El Paso and carried out post-doctoral research at UT Southwestern Medical Center . Hildenbrand is also the founder of Environmental Report, LLC. Fontenot and Hunt work for the regional EPA office in Dallas, but the study is not a subsidiary of the EPA and both received permission to work on this project outside the body.

Scientists point in the document they found no uniformity between pollution in the areas of active natural gas drilling. In other words, not all sites gas wells were associated with higher levels of metals in the water also

Some of the most notable results were the following heavy metals.

• arsenic occurs naturally in water in the region and was detected in 99 of 100 samples. But arsenic concentrations were significantly higher in active extraction areas compared to areas not extraction and historical data. The maximum concentration of an extraction area of ​​the sample was 161 micrograms per liter, or 16 times the EPA established safety standard for drinking water. According to the EPA, people who drink water containing arsenic well above the safety standard for many years "could experience damage or skin problems with their circulatory system and may have an increased risk of cancer."


• Selenium was found in 10 samples near extraction sites, and all those samples showed selenium levels were higher than the historical average. Two samples exceeded the standard for selenium established by the EPA. Circulation problems, as well as loss of hair or nails are some of the possible consequences of long-term exposure to high levels of selenium, according to the EPA.


• Strontium is also found in almost all samples, with significantly higher than historical levels in the areas of extraction of active gas concentrations. A toxicological profile of the federal Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry recommends no more than 4,000 micrograms of strontium per liter in drinking water. Seventeen samples of the active extraction area and one of the inactive zones exceed the recommended limit. Exposure to high levels of stable strontium can result in bone growth disorder in children, according to the agency toxic substances. "Then we put the word out about the study, we have received numerous calls from volunteers from landowners and their views on natural gas drilling in its various communities, "Hildenbrand said. "By participating in the study, they were able to obtain valuable data on water, either at home or land use." Their participation has been very important for this study and has helped us to bring to light some of major environmental issues surrounding this very controversial issue. "

the document also recommends more research on the levels of methanol and ethanol in water wells. Twenty-nine private wells in the study contained methanol, with the highest concentrations in active mining areas. Twelve samples, four of which were sites not active extraction, containing measurable ethanol. Both ethanol and methanol can occur naturally or as a result of industrial pollution . historical data on methanol and ethanol was not available, the researchers said in the article.

the article is entitled "An assessment of water quality in private drinking water wells near places . extraction of natural gas in the formation of Barnett Shale "a version just accepted is available here on the website of the newspaper

Other co-authors include:. Qinhong" Max "Hu, associate professor of science land and environmental UT Arlington; Doug D. Carlton Jr., Ph.D. student in the department of chemistry and biochemistry at UT Arlington; Hyppolite Oka, a new graduate program geosciences and environmental expertise at UT Arlington; Jayme L. Walton, a recent graduate of the teacher of biology at UT Arlington program; and Dan Hopkins, Geotech Environmental Equipment, Inc. of Carrollton-based

Alexandria Osorio and Bryan Bjorndal of guarantees to controls , Inc. in Vista, Calif., are also co- authors. The team used the system to ensure Qwiklite ™ for toxicity testing on samples from wells and the results are preparing for a separate publication.

Many of the research team are now conducting well water sampling in the region of the Permian basin of Texas, establishing a set of baseline data prior to gas drilling activities there. This baseline is used for direct comparison with samples will be collected during and after the extraction of natural gas next. The team hopes that these efforts will shed more light on the relationship between natural gas extraction and quality of groundwater.

Research published this week is representative of the important work happens at the University of Texas at Arlington, comprehensive research institution with about 33,800 students and over 2,200 faculty members in the heart of North Texas. For more information, visit www.uta.edu . Is a University of Texas Press release
Media Contact:. Traci Peterson , Office: 817-272-9208, tel: 817-521-5494, tpeterso@uta.edu
Source: activistpost

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