Title : World Order: The Internet as the Toy with a Tin Ear
link : World Order: The Internet as the Toy with a Tin Ear
World Order: The Internet as the Toy with a Tin Ear
speak Spanish to God, Italian to women, French to men, and German to my horse.- Emperor Charles V
But in which language can you talk to a machine, and what to expect an answer? The questions arise from data streams acceleration of which we have learned to draw the breath of life, posed in consultation with the equipment that scans the flesh and follow the spirit, tacos ATM, GPS and EKG organizes assignments Match.com and high frequency operations of Goldman Sachs, catalogs pornography and drives the car, how and when and where tells connect the dots and thus recognize ourselves as human beings.
Why then happen that the more data we collect - from Google, YouTube and Facebook - the least likely to know what
the dilemma is in line with the note of the late Marshall McLuhan 50 years ago the presence of "an acoustic world," one with "no continuity, no homogeneity, no connections, no stasis," a new environment information "that humanity has no experience whatever. "He published Understanding Media in 1964, based on the premise that" we become what we behold, "that" we shape our tools, and thereafter our tools shape it. "Media should understood as "make it happen-agents" instead of "agents aware makeup," not as art or philosophy, but as comparable to roads and waterfalls and sewers systems Content follows form;. new media communication give rise to new structures of feeling and thought.
to account for the transfer of print languages to electronic media, McLuhan examined two technological revolutions that overturned the epistemological status quo. first instead, in the middle of the fifteenth century, the invention of Johannes Gutenberg movable type, which deconstructs the enlightened wisdom preserved in manuscript in monasteries, encouraged people to organize their perceptions of the world along the straight lines of the page printed. Second, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the applications of electricity (telegraph, telephone, radio, movie camera, television screen, eventually the computer)
favored a sensitivity running in circles, compressing or eliminating the dimensions of space and time, narrative dissolving in the assembly, the word replaced with the icon and hieroglyph.
One year after its publication, Understanding Media acquire the status of Holy Scripture and made its author the main oracle of age. The New York Herald Tribune proclaimed it "the most important thinker since Newton, Darwin, Freud, Einstein and Pavlov." Although never at a loss Delphic aphorism - "The electric light is pure information"; "In the electric age, we wear all mankind as our skin." - McLuhan assumed that he had done nothing more than look in the window of the future in what was both obvious and safe
Floating the fiction of Democracy
in 1964 I was slow to take the point, possibly because he was working at that time in a medium that McLuhan had listed as endangered - writing for the Saturday Evening post, inclined to think in sentences, accustomed to associating a cause with effect, a beginning a middle and an end. TV news to be interpreted as an attempt to tell a story with an alphabet block children in bright colors, and when offered the opportunity to become a correspondent for NBC, which declined the referral to what I consider a recovery course reading.
The sentence was inopportune. Within five years, the Saturday Evening Post had gone the way of the great auk; news had become entertainment, entertainment news, the distinctions between fiction and a fact as irrelevant as they were increasingly difficult to analyze. Another 20 years and I understood what McLuhan meant by the phrase, "The medium is the message" when writing a television history of the foreign policy of the United States in the twentieth century, I was assigned approximately 73 seconds which account for the origins of World War II, while at the same time provides a transition voiceover between newsreel footage of Jesse Owens running the hundred yards at the Olympic Games in Berlin in the summer of 1936, and Adolf Hitler that the Wehrmacht in Vienna in the spring of 1938.
McLuhan considered the medium of television as better suited to selling a product to the expression of a thought. The voice of the first person singular is incorporated into the waves of collective emotion housed within an artificial realm of desire and dream; audience participation in the insistent and ever-present paradise largely recovered promise reinforces what McLuhan identified as "the great educational enterprise that we call advertising." So it did not refer to the education of a competently democratic citizenry - "Mosaic news is neither narrative, nor view, nor explanation, nor comment" - but rather as "the collection and processing of social data exploitable "for" frogmen Madison Avenue of mind "intended to recover the sunken treasure subconscious of human credulity and desire.
McLuhan died on New Year's eve 1979, 15 years before the tissue the World Wide web, but concerns about the dehumanized extensions of man (a society which is the machine that thinks and the man who is reduced to the state of the thing) are consistent with the most recently appointed by the computer Jaron Lanier , suggesting that the genius of data mining computer reduces individual human expression to a "retrograde primitive activity." Among the authors of the digital constitution, Lanier in the mid-1980s was a computer engineer in California dedicated to the initial programming of virtual reality.
In the same way that McLuhan in their most optimistic projections the electronic future had expected the communication networks of the restoration of humanity to a state of freedom unified not very different from that said to have existed in the Garden of Eden, so Lanier had hoped for good news without limits. Typing in 2010 in his book You are not a gadget, it finds that the radical ideology promoting freedom on the surface of the Web is "more for machines than people" - machines that place advertising at the "center of the universe human ... the only way worthy expression of general commercial protection in the new world to come. Any other form of expression that remashed, anonymous, and decontextualized to the point of meaninglessness. "
the reduction of individual human expression to a "primitive retrograde activity" represents the product currently sold under the labels of "choice" and "democracy". Candidates stand and serve as farm machinery intended to cultivate an opinion poll, their value measured by the cost of manufacture; expensive collection of media talking heads groups the derivatives in the commodity market share. The cost of higher steadily flotation fiction of democracy - the sale of political advertising on television from almost $ 200 million in the presidential election of 1996 to $ 2 billion in the 2008 election - reflects the increasing rarity of the demonstrable fact.
like the music in elevators, the news made machine goes and comes in a reassuringly familiar loop, the same material, the same spokespeople, the same comments, which said the true last week that can be said of this week, next week, and then again six weeks from now, the sequence returning as surely as the sun, requiring little more than aspiring citizen except devout observance. French novelist Albert Camus in the 1950s had already referred the situation of an aphorism: "A single sentence will suffice for modern man :. he fornicated and read the papers"
The ritual becomes the form of applied knowledge that both McLuhan and Lanier define as pattern recognition - Nike is a sneaker or a cap, Miller beer is wet, Paris Hilton is not a golf ball. Performing countless connections google during a morning, an afternoon of shopping, tweeting one night is guaranteed to be in the know. Among people who worship the objects of their own invention - money, cloud computing, the Super Bowl - the technology can be understood, in the phrase of the Swiss writer Max Frisch, as "the ability of the organization so that the world we have no experience. "it is better to consume it, the best thing to buy, and to the extent that information can become commodities (such as corporate logo, designer dress, political tailored for a super PAC) amassment wealth and purchasing power follows the labeling of things rather than from performing them.
Voice of money Talking to money
Never have so many labels come so easily at hand, not only on Fox News and MSNBC, but also in the Goodyear blimp and on the fence behind home plate at Yankee Stadium. The achievement has been duly celebrated by the promoters of "strategies innovative feature" that expand our horizons and brighten our lives with "quicker access to valued customers access."
Perhaps I forget the " key performance indicators, "but I do not know how a language meant to be disposable enriches the lives of anyone. I can understand why words construed as product placement serve the interest of the corporation or the state, but it is not "improve" or "enhance" people who find their freedom of opinion and expression of a voice, and so a life that somehow can recognize as their own.
the regime change implicit in the rule of signs up finances art of saying nothing. That is, evaporates, the historical perspective loses its depth of field, contracts vocabulary. George Orwell made the point in 1946, in his essay "Politics and the English language." "The slovenliness of our language," he said, "makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. If one gets rid of these habits one can think more clearly, and to think clearly is a necessary first step political regeneration. "
advertising is not interested in political regeneration. The purpose is to nurture foolish thoughts, and laziness of mind suckled silicone breasts of CBS and Disney counts as a consumer benefit. The postliterate sensitivity is offended by anything other than television, views with suspicion the compound sentence, the subordinate, words of more than three syllables. Home and studio audiences are accustomed to hearing voices swept improvised literary devices, reduced by the data points, degraded product of industrial wastes.
Ambiguity does not sell shoes. Neither he does taking time to think, or allowing too long a pause between the subject and predicate. In America the synthetic Beautiful, everything good is easy, anything difficult is bad, and the customer is always right. The body politic is divided into groups of one, separate states of wishful thinking receding from each other at the speed of light.
Every loss of language, either between the Inuit north or natives the Jersey shore, the critic George Steiner writes as "an impoverishment in the ecology of the human psyche" comparable with the depletion of species in California and Ecuador. The abundance of many languages (as many as 68 of them in Mexico), along with the richness of their lexical and grammatical encoding (the many uses of the subjunctive among certain tribes in Africa) stores, as the trees of the Amazon, a ' wealth without limits of possibility "that can not be replaced by machinery in the world market.
" the true catastrophe of Babel, "says Steiner," is not the spread of languages. it is the reduction human speech to a handful of planetary languages, 'multinational ... Anglo-American standardized vocabularies "and grammar in a" technocratic military megalomania "and" the imperatives of commercial greed. "
That is the voice of money talking about money in the currency that Toni Morrison, accepting the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993, is known as "the language that drinks blood," happy "admire its own paralysis," possessed "no desire or purpose other than maintaining the free range of narcotics ... dumb, predatory, sentimental narcissism. Exciting reverence in schoolchildren, providing shelter for despots. "The language designed to" sanction ignorance and preserve privilege, "prioritized to suit the needs of the paralyzed bureaucracy, retrograde religion, or our own presidential election of 2012.
Grim data extraction Operations history
the vocabulary is limited, but always respectful. the aristocracy of ancient Rome did not participate in the dialogue with the slaves, a segment of the population classified by the Roman farmer Marcus Terentius Varro as "speaking tools", animate but otherwise equivalent to an iPhone application.
the sponsors of the Spanish Inquisition, including Carlos V, possibly in consultation with his horse, ran mining operations data not unlike those made by Facebook. So did the content aggregators also known as the NKVD in Soviet Russia, as the Gestapo in Nazi Germany. In South Africa during most of the twentieth century the policy of apartheid dresses propaganda that novelist Breyten Breytenbach compared to the sound of a "wooden tongue clacking away in the hole wood in order to produce the singsong praises wood to the big bang explosion and flag waving. "
Internet equips the fear of freedom even wider media and vision of surveillance that were available to Tomás de Torquemada or Joseph Goebbels, provides our own national security agencies with databanks that sift the email traffic for words for subversive, including "collective bargaining", "hold" and "rally."
hope and the exercise of freedom is based, in 2012 as in 1939, in what Breytenbach understood as the maintenance of "the living word, or not contaminated, or at least to allow it to have a meaning, to be a conduit of consciousness . " The strength and power of the words themselves, not their packaging or purchase price. Which is why when the New York publishers these days hear sad stories of the death of printed books, I do not find myself moved to tears. They confuse the container with the thing itself, like the illuminated fifteenth century, which saw the Gutenberg press the mark and the presence of the devil. Filippo de Strata, a Benedictine monk and a copier of manuscripts, deplored the triumph of evil;
Through printing, children tender
and soft, chaste and no lack of spots girls
take any spoils the purity of mind or body ...
writing in fact, what brings gold for us,
should be respected and maintained to be nobler
of all goods, unless she has suffered
degradation in print brothel
presses. She is a young woman with a pen,
Harlot in print.
Humanists Europe to discern the collapse of civilization, the obvious apocalypse for Niccolò Perotti, professor of poetry and rhetoric University of Bologna, which was appalled by "a new kind of writing that recently brought from Germany ... Anyone is free to print whatever they want ... for the sake of entertainment, the best thing would be forgotten, or better Moreover, it erased all the books. "
McLuhan in 1964 ridiculed the same kind of fear and trembling in the food street by observing that in the twentieth century as in the fifteenth century, man preferred "a" view with alarm "and" point of pride, "while scrupulously ignoring what's going on." means that the concerns had to do with the movement of goods unlike the realization of the same, where the new money that was found, how to collect the tolls on shipments of grammar and syntax was. Then, as now, the questions are neither visionary nor new. They accompanied the construction of railroads in the nation and the laying of its telephone poles, and as is customary in the US definition of free enterprise, I hope it will be resolved in favor of monopoly.
The most relevant questions they are political and epistemological. What counts as a claim to knowledge? How do we know what we know? What inputs prop even one of the seven pillars of wisdom? Without a human language that supports a common store of human value, how to compose a society governed by a human form of political society?
The story of the last toy
every era is an era of information, its value and meaning is always subject to change without much notice. Whether in the form of ideogram or mathematical equation, as a gesture, encryption code, or flower arrangement, the media are as restless as the movement of the sea, as innumerable as the expressions moving across the surface of the human face .
the written word is clear from the spoken word, the radar signal fire, compositions for full orchestra and chorus of the intervention of a drum solo. The various currencies trade and sign glyph in concert and in competition with each other. Books may be more expensive and less often seen, but clearly are not intended to land soon disappear. Bowker Global Books in Print 316.480 explains the publication of new titles in 2010, compared to 247,777 in 1998. In the United States in 2010, 751.729 million books sold, the revenue stream of $ 11.67 trillion defying the trend of economic slowdown and traveling in cyberspace. The book remains, and will probably remain, the main store of human energy and hope.
times, like everyone else, can be said to be the best of times and the worst time. The Internet can be perceived as a black hole of false information, a phrase that often bubbles up a microphone in Congress or in the pages of The Wall Street Journal; but also can be interpreted as a fountain of youth pouring data flows in directions hitherto unimaginable and unknown, allowing David Carr, media columnist and critic for the New York Times, to believe that "one day, I should be able entering a hotel in Kansas, tell the TV what I am and find everything I bought and paid for, not for consumption. "
Carr presumably knows what he's talking, and I am content to consider the Internet as the best and brightest of the machine ever made by man, but nonetheless a machine with a bad ear and a wooden tongue. It is one thing to surf the Internet; another thing to write for him.
The author does not speak of a human being, whether a Spanish, French or German. He or she is directed to an algorithm to accommodate oriented keywords - sure, Steve Jobs, Muammar Gaddafi, mortgages, Casey Anthony - but neither wants nor may wonder what the words might mean. Analyzes all but hear nothing as dull as filtering devices maintained by a search engine or the Pentagon, word processing as lifeless objects, not as living subjects.
The power of language is not to its ability to fix things or solve the problem. "Word of work," said Toni Morrison in Stockholm, "is sublime because it is generative," their happiness in scope to the ineffable. "We die," he said. "That may be the meaning of life. But we do language. That may be the measure of our lives" Shakespeare shaped the same thought as a sonnet, comparing his beloved with a summer day, offering his rhymes as guarantor of guarantee of immortality. ". While men can breathe or eyes can see, / So long lives this and this gives life to thee"
Perhaps our digital technology is still too new. Writing first appears on clay tablets around 3000 BC; It is another 3,300 years before mankind invented the codex; codex of movable type, 1,150 years type mobile Internet, 532 years. Forty years have passed since the general introduction of the personal computer; the World Wide Web has only been in force for 20
're still playing with toys. The Internet is blessed with applications undoubtedly miraculous, but the language is not one of them. In the absence of the power of human imagination and powers of expression, our machines can not speed up the hope of a political and social change, which is derived from a language that induces a change of heart.
Lewis H. Lapham is editor of Quarterly Lapham . Former editor of Harper's Magazine, he is the author of numerous books, including Money and Class in America, Theater of War, Gag Rule, and, more recently, claims the Empire . The New York Times has compared with H. L. Mencken; Vanity Fair has suggested a strong resemblance to Mark Twain; and Tom Wolfe has compared him to Montaigne. In this trial, "Media" the number of spring 2012 Quarterly Lapham is introduced.
Source: worldmathaba
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